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1.
Medisur ; 21(2)abr. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440652

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: la β2microglobulina está reconocida como marcador tumoral para diferentes propósitos en hematopatías malignas de estirpe linfoide; sin embargo, no hay antecedentes de su utilización en la provincia de Cienfuegos. Objetivo describir las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y la distribución de los niveles séricos de β2microglobulina en pacientes con síndrome linfoproliferativo crónico y su relación con los estadios clínicos y la respuesta al tratamiento de primera línea. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo transversal. La serie se conformó con todos los pacientes adultos con diagnóstico reciente (sin comenzar terapia antitumoral específica) de mieloma múltiple, leucemia linfoide crónica, linfoma no Hodgkin y linfoma Hodgkin, ingresados en el Servicio de Hematología del Hospital General Universitario Dr. Gustavo Aldereguìa Lima, durante el año 2020. La información se obtuvo mediante revisión documental de historias clínicas y ensayos de laboratorio. Se analizaron las variables: sexo, edad, color de la piel, niveles de β2microglobulina, tipo de enfermedad, estadios clínicos y respuesta al tratamiento. Resultados: el 84 % de la serie presentó niveles elevados del analito, más acentuado en el mieloma. Se constató relación entre los niveles estratificados de β2microglobulina con los estadios clínicos y la respuesta al tratamiento de primera línea. Conclusiones: las características sociodemográficas y las variables clínicas observadas no difieren de forma sustantiva con lo reportado. La distribución de los niveles de la β2microglobulina es sugerente de una relación directa entre los estadios clínicos e inversa con la respuesta al tratamiento.


Background: β2microglobulin is recognized as a tumor marker for different purposes in malignant hematopathies of lymphoid lineage; however, there is no history of its use in the Cienfuegos province. Objective: to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and the distribution of serum β2microglobulin levels in patients with chronic lymphoproliferative syndrome and their relationship with clinical stages and response to first-line treatment. Methods: cross-sectional descriptive observational study. The series was made up of all adult patients (universe 50) recently diagnosed (without starting specific antitumor therapy) of multiple myeloma, chronic lymphoid leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma, admitted to the Hematology Service of the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguìa Lima General University Hospital, during the year 2020. The information was obtained through documentary review of medical records and laboratory tests. The analyzed variables were: sex, age, skin color, β2microglobulin levels, type of disease, clinical stages and response to treatment. Results: 84% of the series presented high levels of the analyte, more accentuated in myeloma. A relationship was found between the stratified levels of β2microglobulin with the clinical stages and the response to first-line treatment. Conclusions: the sociodemographic characteristics and the clinical variables observed do not differ substantially from what was reported. The distribution of β2microglobulin levels is suggestive of a direct relationship between clinical stages and an inverse relationship with response to treatment.

2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(4): 501-507, abr. 2021. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389474

ABSTRACT

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) allows en-bloc resection of early gastro-intestinal neoplasms (EGIN) with healing potential. Aim: To describe the results of patients treated with ESD for EGIN by our team. Patients and Methods: Descriptive study of patients with EGIN who underwent ESD with curative intention between January 2008 and March 2020. Results: One hundred thirty-two ESD were performed in 127 patients. 77% were gastric lesions, 14% colorectal, 8% esophageal and 1% duodenal. En-bloc resection was achieved in 98.4% of ESDs. Eighty eight percent of patients met curative standards. Overall, cancer-specific, and recurrence-free survival were 95%, 100% and 98% respectively. Conclusions: ESD allows en-bloc resections with curative potential in selected patients, but with a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality and less impact on quality of life. Our results suggest the feasibility to perform ESD in our country with results comparable to those reported in the literature.


Subject(s)
Stomach Neoplasms , Endoscopic Mucosal Resection , Quality of Life , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Gastrointestinal Tract , Dissection , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
3.
Rev. medica electron ; 43(1): 2739-2747, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1156771

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la citología con aguja fina se mantiene como el estudio fundamental ante un nódulo tiroideo, pero el diagnóstico de neoplasia folicular es aún su punto débil para definirlo. Se mantiene como conducta su extirpación quirúrgica para alcanzarlo. Objetivo: determinar la correlación citopatológica en las neoplasias foliculares del tiroides. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo que incluyó a 80 pacientes operados con diagnóstico citológico de neoplasia folicular del tiroides, en el Hospital "Comandante Faustino Pérez" de la ciudad de Matanzas, de marzo del 2012 a febrero del 2016. Se evaluaron las variables: edad, sexo, tamaño, localización, número de nódulos y diagnóstico histológico definitivo. Resultados: predominaron las lesiones benignas con 56 para el 70 % dentro de ellas, los bocios multinodulares con 33,75 % y los adenomas foliculares con el 31,25 %. Los tumores malignos ocuparon el 30 %. El carcinoma papilar, variedad folicular con 12 para el 15 %, seguido del carcinoma papilar clásico con 10 para el 12,50 %. Conclusiones: el porcentaje de malignidad de este estudio fue del 30 % con predominio del carcinoma papilar variedad folicular y el carcinoma papilar clásico. Entre las lesiones benignas predominaron los bocios multinodulares y los adenomas foliculares (AU).


ABSTRACT Introduction: fine needle cytology is still the main study against a thyroidal nodule, but the follicular neoplasia diagnosis is still its weak point to define it. The surgical removal keeps being used to reach it. Objective: to determine the cytopathological correlation in follicular thyroid neoplasia. Materials and methods: a prospective, descriptive study was carried out including 80 patient with diagnosis of follicular thyroid neoplasia in the Hospital "Comandante Faustino Pérez" of Matanzas, who underwent a surgery from March 2012 to February 2016. The assessed variables were age, sex, size, location, quantity of nodes and final histological diagnosis. Results: benign lesions predominated, with 56 for 70 %; among them, multinodular goiters with 33.75 % and follicular adenomas with 31.25 %. Malignant tumors were 30 %: papillary carcinoma, follicular variety with 12 for 15 %, followed by the classical papillary carcinoma with 10 for 12.50 % Conclusions: the malignity percent of this study was 30 % with the predominance of the papillary carcinoma, follicular variant and the classic papillary carcinoma. Multinodular goiters and follicular adenomas predominated among the benign lesions (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Adenoma , Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Thyroid Neoplasms/epidemiology , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Goiter, Nodular
4.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 25(1): e4858, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1289093

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la pandemia por la COVID-19 trae como consecuencia un aumento en el número de casos confirmados y muertes en el mundo. Esta situación provoca el desarrollo de emociones y pensamientos negativos que interfieren en el bienestar y en la salud mental. Objetivo: evaluar síntomas depresivos en pacientes diagnosticados con COVID-19, ingresados en el Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Dr. León Cuervo Rubio de Pinar del Río, en los meses de abril a junio en el año 2020. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal, en pacientes institucionalizados con diagnóstico de COVID-19 para evaluar síntomas depresivos en el periodo de actividad de la enfermedad durante el año 2020, en un universo de 37 pacientes, en enfermos con edades de 20 años y más. Resultados: en la población estudiada existió un predominio del 50 % del sexo femenino en edades entre 40-59 años, de ellos 34 pacientes presentaron humor depresivo para un 91,89 %, seguido de disminución de su vitalidad 86,48 % y pérdida de la atención y concentración. Dentro de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles que presentaron mayor presencia de síntomas depresivos se encontraron la hipertensión arterial y el asma bronquial. Conclusiones: la investigación ha demostrado que la percepción de enfermedades infecciosas referida por la población objeto de estudio, se expresa en una mayor prevalencia de síntomas depresivos. Se destacan el humor depresivo, disminución de su vitalidad, esto repercute en el estado físico y emocional del paciente.


ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic is resulting in an increase in the number of confirmed positive cases and deaths worldwide. This situation causes the development of negative emotions and thoughts that interfere with well-being and mental health. Objective: to evaluate depressive symptoms in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to Dr. León Cuervo Rubio Provincial Clinical-Surgical-Teaching Hospital in Pinar del Río province, from April to June 2020. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with institutionalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to evaluate the depressive symptoms in the period of activity of COVID-19 during the year 2020, with a target group comprising 37 patients who were 20 years and older. Results: the population studied presented a predominance of 50 % of female patients (40-59 years old), where 34 of them showed depressive mood (91,89 %), followed by a decrease in vitality 86,48 % and loss of attention and concentration. Among the chronic non-communicable diseases they suffered from, there was a greater presence of depressive symptoms in patients with hypertension and bronchial asthma. Conclusions: the research has shown that the perception of infectious diseases referred by the population under study evidenced a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms. Depressive mood and decreased vitality stand out, having repercussions on the physical and emotional status of the patients.

5.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 24(5): e4581, sept.-oct. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144291

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: el estudio de las características de los pacientes con la COVID-19 permite determinar grupos de riesgo en poblaciones específicas y trazar estrategias por las instituciones para enfrentar dicha situación. Objetivo: caracterizar clínico-epidemiológicamente a pacientes confirmados con la COVID-19 en Pinar del Río. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo en los 52 casos con diagnóstico confirmado a la COVID-19 entre marzo y mayo de 2020. Los datos fueron recogidos de las historias clínicas y las encuestas epidemiológicas. Se empleó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: predominó el grupo etario entre 40 y 59 años (tasa de 8,2 por cada 10 mil habitantes), con predominio del sexo masculino (tasa de 0,8 por cada 10 mil habitantes). El 94,2 % de los pacientes presentaron fuente de infección precisada al momento del ingreso. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron la fiebre (51,9 %), tos (40,4 %) y rinorrea (21,1 %). La hipertensión arterial se presentó en el 11,11 % de los pacientes, donde el 35,7 % de los pacientes hipertensos desarrollaron neumopatía aguda inflamatoria. En el 86,5 % de los pacientes se realizó alta clínica a los 14 días y el 96,2 % alta epidemiológica a los 28 días. Conclusiones: la transmisión fue mayormente autóctona, menormente asintomática, donde la fiebre y la tos fueron los principales síntomas. Los pacientes con comorbilidades desarrollaron en mayor cuantía, complicaciones. Se encontró una respuesta positiva al tratamiento con altos porcentajes de alta clínica y epidemiológica a los 14 y 28 días respectivamente.


ABSTRACT Introduction: the study of the characteristics of COVID-19 patients allows the determination of risk groups and specific populations and the strategies designed by the institutions to deal with this situation. Objective: to characterize clinical and epidemiologically the confirmed COVID-19 patients in Pinar del Río. Methods: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study including the 52 confirmed cases of COVID-19 between March and May 2020 was conducted. Data were collected from clinical records and epidemiological surveys. Descriptive statistics was used. Results: the age group between 40 and 59 years old predominated (rate of 8,2 per 10 thousand inhabitants), with predominance of male sex (rate of 0,8 per 10 thousand inhabitants). The 94,2 % of the patients presented a precise source of infection at the time of admission. The most frequent symptoms were fever (51,9 %), cough (40,4 %) and rhinorrhea (21,1 %). High blood pressure was present in 11,11 % of the patients, where 35,7 % of hypertensive patients developed acute inflammatory pneumopathy; 86,5 % of the patients were discharged from hospital after 14 days and 96,2 % were epidemiologically discharged after 28 days. Conclusions: transmission was mostly autochthonous, less asymptomatic, where fever and cough were the main symptoms. Patients with comorbidities developed more complications. A positive response to treatment was found, achieving high percentages of clinical and epidemiological discharge at 14 and 28 days respectively.

6.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 24(5): e4612, sept.-oct. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144304

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la COVID-19 causada por el SARS-CoV-2 constituye una amenaza para la salud pública mundial; con mayor efecto negativo en pacientes con comorbilidades y deterioro del estado de salud. Caso clínico: paciente femenina, de color de piel blanca, de 59 años de edad con antecedentes patológicos personales de hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus tipo II, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y exfumadora con confirmación de COVID-19 por PCR-RT, presentó neumopatía aguda inflamatoria como complicación y evolución satisfactoria. Sin fuente de infección precisada, se aislaron todos los contactos, se estudiaron y fueron negativos a la COVID-19. Conclusiones: se concluye con la presentación de este caso que la pandemia actual significa un desafío para la comunidad científica porque no existe un tratamiento específico contra el SARSCoV-2. No obstante, Cuba utiliza en su protocolo diversos medicamentos que han demostrado efectividad en el control de la enfermedad al lograr la evolución clínica satisfactoria de varios casos críticos.


ABSTRACT Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a threat to global public health; with the most negative effect on patients with comorbidities and weak health status. Clinical case: a 59-year-old, white skinned, female patient with personal pathological history of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus type II, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and ex-smoker with confirmed positive PCR-RT (COVID-19 carrier), presented acute inflammatory pneumopathy as a complication and satisfactory evolution. Without a precise source of infection, all contacts were isolated, they underwent to studies and resulted negative to COVID-19. Conclusions: with this case report it is concluded that this pandemic is a challenge for the scientific community because there is not a specific treatment against SARSCoV-2. Nevertheless, Cuba makes use of its protocols of treatment where diverse medicines are included; which have demonstrated effectiveness in the control of the disease, achieving a satisfactory clinical evolution of several critical patients.

7.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 24(2): 452-460, abr.-jun. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1125006

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La neumoconiosis es una enfermedad, con características radiológicas similares a la silicosis, que afecta a los trabajadores dedicados al trasporte de carbón que se exponen durante los procesos de extracción y depósito de polvo de carbón en las centrales térmicas, la industria siderúrgica, la industria química e incluso en la venta y uso de equipos electrodomésticos. Se presenta un paciente de 65 años, con antecedentes de reiterados ingresos por neumonía extra hospitalaria, que presentaba falta de aire después de realizar cualquier esfuerzo físico. La tomografía de tórax confirmó que el paciente había sufrido una exposición prolongada al humo del carbón. Se diagnosticó la presencia de un fibroenfisema bulloso y adenopatías mediastinales. La prevención es la medida más eficaz para la lucha contra esta enfermedad. Se debe implementar el estricto cumplimiento de las medidas técnicas y la vigilancia constante de los niveles de polvo permitidos.


ABSTRACT Pneumoconiosis is a disease, with radiological characteristics similar to silicosis, which affects coal workers during coal dust deposition and extraction in thermal power plants, steel and chemical industry, and even in the sale and use of household appliances. We present a 65-year-old patient with a history of recurrent admissions for community-acquired pneumonia who had shortness of breath on exertion. Chest computed tomography confirmed that the patient had suffered a prolonged exposure to charcoal smoke. The presence of bullous fibroemphysema and mediastinal adenopathies was diagnosed. Prevention is the most effective measure to fight this disease. Strict compliance with technical measures and constant monitoring of permitted dust levels should be implemented.


Subject(s)
Pneumoconiosis/diagnosis , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
8.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 24(1): 37-44, ene.-feb. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092869

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: el mieloma múltiple es un tumor derivado de las células plasmáticas, un tipo de células sanguíneas situadas en la médula ósea que se encargan de producir anticuerpos que sirven para combatir los gérmenes. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento clínico epidemiológico del mieloma múltiple, en pacientes hospitalizados en los servicios de Medicina Interna y Geriatría del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Dr. León Cuervo Rubio de Pinar del Río, durante los años 2017 y 2018. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo. El universo estuvo conformado por 31 pacientes con diagnóstico de mieloma múltiple, la muestra se conformó por 25 pacientes mediante un muestreo simple aleatorio. Resultados: se observó predominio de la enfermedad en los pacientes masculinos y de los grupos de edades de 70-79 años, se obtuvo como principales comorbilidades y complicaciones la anemia y la insuficiencia renal. Conclusiones: es importante el conocimiento del comportamiento clínico epidemiológico del mieloma múltiple para un diagnóstico oportuno e integral y el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida del paciente.


ABSTRACT Introduction: multiple myeloma is a tumor derived from plasma cells, a type of blood cell in the bone marrow that produces antibodies to fight the germs. Objective: to describe the clinical epidemiological behavior of multiple myeloma in patients hospitalized in the Internal Medicine and Geriatrics services at Dr. León Cuervo Rubio Clinical Surgical Teaching Hospital during the years 2017 and 2018, in Pinar del Río. Methods: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study was conducted. The target group included 31 patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma; the sample comprised 25 patients by simple random sample. Results: a prevalence of the disease was observed in male patients and in the age group from 70-79 years old. The main comorbidities and complications presented by patients with multiple myeloma were anemia in all of them, and kidney failure. Conclusions: knowledge of the clinical epidemiological behavior of multiple myeloma is important in order to achieve a timely and comprehensive diagnosis to improve the patient's quality of life.

9.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 23(5): 645-653, sept.-oct. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092827

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la depresión es la enfermedad psiquiátrica más frecuente y puede sufrirse a cualquier edad. Cerca del 20 % de las personas padecen durante su vida una depresión, de ellos el 70 % son mujeres. Objetivo: caracterizar los pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de episodio depresivo según síntomas clínicos, terapia utilizada y presencia de complicaciones, en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Dr. León Cuervo Rubio de Pinar del Río durante los años 2017-2018. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. El universo quedó constituido por 116 pacientes con el diagnóstico clínico de episodio depresivo que necesitaron tratamiento psicológico durante la hospitalización. Los datos fueron obtenidos de las historias clínicas, mediante la entrevista y la observación. Resultados: se evidenció que el sexo femenino fue el mayor afectado, en edades entre 40-59 años. Como factores de riesgo sociales se incluyeron estados familiares de salud; económicos relacionados con la personalidad del paciente, y los factores biológicos. La disminución de la atención y concentración, perdida de la confianza en sí mismo, sentimientos de inferioridad, ideas de culpa e inutilidad, fueron los principales síntomas. Conclusiones: la disminución de la atención y concentración, estuvieron presentes en todos los pacientes con predominio de ideas de culpa y de inutilidad, las complicaciones escasas fueron escasas, siendo la terapia cognitivo conductual el tratamiento de elección utilizado.


ABSTRACT Introduction: depression is the most common psychiatric illness. About 20% of people suffer from depression during their lifetime, of which 70 % are women and can be suffered at any age. Objective: to characterize hospitalized patients with diagnosis of depressive episode based on clinical symptoms, therapy applied and presence of complications at Dr. León Cuervo Rubio Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital. Pinar del Río during the years 2017-2018. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed. The target group included 116 patients with clinical diagnosis of depressive episode who needed psychological treatment during hospitalization. Data were obtained from clinical histories, and through interview and observation. Results: it was evidenced that female gender was mostly affected, in ages between 40-59 years. The main risk factors identified were social factors, such as health relatives, economic factors related to the patient's personality, and biological factors. The main symptoms were reduced attention and concentration, loss of self-confidence and feelings of inferiority, guilt and uselessness. Conclusions: decreased of attention and concentration were present in all patients with predominance of guiltiness and uselessness ideas, scarce complications, cognitive behavioral therapy was the treatment of choice.

10.
Acta méd. colomb ; 44(2): 119-123, abr.-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1038144

ABSTRACT

La miocardiopatía periparto es una patología poco frecuente que puede conllevar a una alta tasa de mortalidad por el compromiso cardiaco si no se realiza un manejo oportuno y adecuado. Debido a su presentación clínica, las similitudes con síntomas propios del embarazo y aquellos generados por la preeclampsia, se convierte en un diagnóstico de exclusión que requiere de alta sospecha clínica. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 33 años de edad con diagnóstico de preeclampsia atípica, disfunción hepática, hematológica y renal en el puerperio, quien presentó evolución car diovascular tórpida a pesar del manejo adecuado por lo cual se sospechó y objetivó el diagnóstico de miocardiopatía periparto que progresó a una falla cardiaca aguda con disfunción multiorgánica y necesidad de trasplante cardiaco. (Acta Med Colomb 2019; 44: 119-123).


Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare pathology that can lead to a high mortality rate due to cardiac compromise if timely and adequate management is not performed. Due to its clinical presentation, the similarities with typical symptoms of pregnancy and those generated by preeclampsia, becomes a diagnosis of exclusion that requires high clinical suspicion. The clinical case of a 33-year-old patient with a diagnosis of atypical preeclampsia, hepatic, hematological and renal dysfunction in the puerperium is presented. She had a torpid cardiovascular evolution despite adequate manage ment, which led to the diagnosis and suspicion of peripartum myocardiopathy that progressed to acute heart failure with multi-organ dysfunction and need for heart transplantation. (Acta Med Colomb 2019; 44: 119-123).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Heart Diseases , Pregnancy , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated , Peripartum Period , Heart Failure
12.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 32(4): e1473, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1054587

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Gastrectomy is the main treatment for gastric and Siewert type II-III esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer. This surgery is associated with significant morbidity. Total morbidity rates vary across different studies and few have evaluated postoperative morbidity according to complication severity. Aim: To identify the predictors of severe postoperative morbidity. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study from a prospective database. We included patients treated with gastrectomy for gastric or EGJ cancers between January 2012 and December 2016 at a single center. Severe morbidity was defined as Clavien-Dindo score ≥3. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of severe morbidity. Results: Two hundred and eighty-nine gastrectomies were performed (67% males, median age: 65 years). Tumor location was EGJ in 14%, upper third of the stomach in 30%, middle third in 26%, and lower third in 28%. In 196 (67%), a total gastrectomy was performed with a D2 lymph node dissection in 85%. Two hundred and eleven patients (79%) underwent an open gastrectomy. T status was T1 in 23% and T3/T4 in 68%. Postoperative mortality was 2.4% and morbidity rate was 41%. Severe morbidity was 11% and was mainly represented by esophagojejunostomy leak (2.4%), duodenal stump leak (2.1%), and respiratory complications (2%). On multivariate analysis, EGJ location and T3/T4 tumors were associated with a higher rate of severe postoperative morbidity. Conclusion: Severe postoperative morbidity after gastrectomy was 11%. Esophagogastric junction tumor location and T3/T4 status are risk factors for severe postoperative morbidity.


RESUMO Raciona l: A gastrectomia é o tratamento principal para o câncer de junção esofagogástrica (EGJ) e Siewert tipo II-III. Ela está associada à morbidade significativa. As taxas de morbidade total variam entre os diferentes estudos e poucos avaliaram a morbidade pós-operatória de acordo com a gravidade da complicação. Objetivo: Identificar os preditores de morbidade pós-operatória grave. Métodos: Este foi um estudo de coorte retrospectivo de um banco de dados prospectivo. Foram incluídos pacientes tratados com gastrectomia para câncer gástrico ou EGJ em um único centro. A morbidade severa foi definida como escore de Clavien-Dindo ≥3. Análise multivariada foi realizada para identificar preditores de morbidade grave. Resultados: Duzentos e oitenta e nove gastrectomias foram realizadas (67% homens, mediana de idade: 65 anos). A localização do tumor foi EGJ em 14%, o terço superior do estômago em 30%, o terço médio em 26% e o terço inferior em 28%. Em 196 (67%), foi realizada gastrectomia total com dissecção de linfonodos D2 em 85%. Duzentos e onze pacientes (79%) foram submetidos à gastrectomia aberta. O estado T foi T1 em 23% e T3/T4 em 68%. A mortalidade pós-operatória foi de 2,4% e a taxa de morbidade foi de 41%. A morbidade severa foi de 11% e foi representada principalmente por fístula esofagojejunal (2,4%), fístula duodenal (2,1%) e complicações respiratórias (2%). Na análise multivariada, a localização do EGJ e os tumores T3/T4 foram associados com maior morbidade pós-operatória grave. Conclusão: Morbidade pós-operatória severa após gastrectomia foi de 11%. A localização do tumor na junção esofagogástrica e o estado T3/T4 são fatores de risco para a morbidade pós-operatória grave.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophagogastric Junction/surgery , Gastrectomy/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies
13.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 32(1): e1413, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973378

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Laparoscopic gastrectomy has numerous perioperative advantages, but the long-term survival of patients after this procedure has been less studied. Aim: To compare survival, oncologic and perioperative outcomes between completely laparoscopic vs. open gastrectomy for early gastric cancer. Methods: This study was retrospective, and our main outcomes were the overall and disease-specific 5-year survival, lymph node count and R0 resection rate. Our secondary outcome was postoperative morbidity. Results: Were included 116 patients (59% men, age 68 years, comorbidities 73%, BMI 25) who underwent 50 laparoscopic gastrectomies and 66 open gastrectomies. The demographic characteristics, tumour location, type of surgery, extent of lymph node dissection and stage did not significantly differ between groups. The overall complication rate was similar in both groups (40% vs. 28%, p=ns), and complications graded at least Clavien 2 (36% vs. 18%, p=0.03), respiratory (9% vs. 0%, p=0.03) and wound-abdominal wall complications (12% vs. 0%, p=0.009) were significantly lower after laparoscopic gastrectomy. The lymph node count (21 vs. 23 nodes; p=ns) and R0 resection rate (100% vs. 96%; p=ns) did not significantly differ between groups. The 5-year overall survival (84% vs. 87%, p=0.31) and disease-specific survival (93% vs. 98%, p=0.20) did not significantly differ between the laparoscopic and open gastrectomy groups. Conclusion: The results of this study support similar oncologic outcome and long-term survival for patients with early gastric cancer after laparoscopic gastrectomy and open gastrectomy. In addition, the laparoscopic approach is associated with less severe morbidity and a lower occurrence of respiratory and wound-abdominal wall complications.


RESUMO Racional: A gastrectomia laparoscópica tem numerosas vantagens perioperatórias, mas a sobrevivência em longo prazo após este procedimento tem sido menos estudada. Objetivo: Comparar resultados de sobrevivência, oncológica e perioperatória entre a gastrectomia completamente laparoscópica vs. aberta para câncer gástrico precoce. Método: Este estudo foi retrospectivo e os principais resultados foram a sobrevivência global e específica de cinco anos, contagem de linfonodos e taxa de ressecção R0. Resultado secundário foi a morbidade pós-operatória. Resultados: Foram incluídos 116 pacientes (59% homens, idade 68 anos, comorbidades 73%, IMC 25) que foram submetidos a 50 gastrectomias laparoscópicas e 66 gastrectomias abertas. As características demográficas, a localização do tumor, o tipo de operação, a extensão da dissecção dos linfonodos e do estágio não diferiram significativamente entre os grupos. A taxa geral de complicações foi semelhante em ambos os grupos (40% vs. 28%, p=ns) e complicações classificadas Clavien 2 (36% vs. 18%, p=0,03), respiratórias (9% vs. 0%, p=0,03) e as da parede abdominal (12% vs. 0%, p=0,009) foram significativamente menores após a gastrectomia laparoscópica. A contagem de linfonodos (21 contra 23, p=ns) e a taxa de ressecção R0 (100% vs. 96%; p=ns) não diferiram significativamente entre os grupos. A sobrevida global de cinco anos (84% vs. 87%, p=0,31) e a sobrevida específica (93% vs. 98%, p=0,20) não diferiram significativamente entre os grupos de gastrectomia laparoscópica e aberta. Conclusão: Estes resultados suportam resultados oncológicos similares e sobrevida em longo prazo para pacientes com câncer gástrico precoce após gastrectomia laparoscópica e gastrectomia aberta. Além disso, a abordagem laparoscópica está associada com morbidade menos grave e menor ocorrência de complicações respiratórias e da parede abdominal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Stomach Neoplasms/mortality , Laparoscopy/methods , Laparoscopy/mortality , Gastrectomy/methods , Gastrectomy/mortality , Postoperative Complications , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Time Factors , Chile , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Statistics, Nonparametric , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Early Detection of Cancer , Perioperative Period , Gastrectomy/adverse effects , Lymph Node Excision/mortality , Neoplasm Staging
15.
Rev. chil. cir ; 70(1): 27-34, 2018. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899652

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción El tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer esofágico se asocia a una alta morbimortalidad. El abordaje mínimamente invasivo se ha introducido con el objetivo de disminuir la morbilidad postoperatoria. Objetivo Describir la técnica y los resultados de la esofagectomía mínimamente invasiva (EMI) transtorácica en posición semiprono. Métodos Estudio de cohorte descriptivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con una EMI electiva por cáncer entre abril de 2013 y mayo de 2017. Se registraron variables demográficas, perioperatorias, anatomía patológica y la sobrevida. Resultados Incluimos 33 pacientes (24 hombres, edad 69 años, 91% con comorbilidades). La ubicación predominante del tumor fue en los tercios medio e inferior del esófago (90%). Quince (45%) pacientes recibieron neoadyuvancia. No existieron casos de conversión a toracotomías. La reconstrucción se realizó con estómago en un 93%. Se realizó anastomosis cervical en 66% y torácica en 30%. El tiempo operatorio fue de 420 (330-570) minutos y el sangrado de 200 (20-700) cc. La mortalidad a 90 días fue de 0%. La morbilidad global fue de 78%, se registró un 15% de neumonía y un 9% requirió una reoperación. La estadía hospitalaria fue de 23 (11-81) días. La histología fue carcinoma escamoso en 51% y adenocarcinoma en 45%. Los márgenes fueron RO en 87%. El recuento ganglionar alcanzó 30 (9-45) ganglios. La sobrevida global a 2 años es 68%. Conclusión Los resultados preliminares de esta técnica son favorables; sin ningún caso de mortalidad postoperatoria. Los resultados oncológicos demuestran un alto porcentaje de cirugía RO y adecuado recuento ganglionar.


Introduction Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The minimally invasive approach has been introduced with the aim of reducing postoperative morbidity. Aim To describe the surgical technique and the results of transthoracic minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) in semiprone position. Material and Methods Descriptive cohort study. Patients with an elective MIE for cancer were included between April 2013 and May 2017. Demographic, perioperative, pathology and survival variables were recorded. Results We included 33 patients (24 men, age 69 years, 91% with comorbidities). The predominant location of the tumor was in the middle and lower thirds of the esophagus (90%). Fifteen (45%) patients received neoadjuvant treatment. There were no cases of conversion to thoracotomy. The reconstruction was performed with stomach in 93%. Cervical anastomosis was performed in 66% and thoracic anastomosis in 30%. The operative time was 420 (330-570) minutes and bleeding 200 (20-700) cc. The 90-day mortality rate was 0%. Overall morbidity was 78%, there was a 15% occurrence of pneumonia and 9% required a reoperation. The hospital stay was 23 (11-81) days. The histology was squamous carcinoma in 51% and adenocarcinoma in 45%. Margins were RO at 87%. The lymph node count reached 30 (9-45) lymph nodes. Overall 2-year survival is 68%. Conclusion The preliminary results of this technique are favorable, without any case of postoperative mortality. The oncological results demonstrate a high percentage of RO surgery and adequate lymph node count.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophagectomy/methods , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Postoperative Complications , Survival Analysis , Treatment Outcome , Prone Position
20.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 19(4): 667-677, jul.-ago. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-754914

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en los últimos tiempos son evidentes los cambios demográficos. La edad de la población mundial crece, más personas sobrepasan la barrera cronológica que el hombre ha situado como etapa de vejez, y se hace necesario establecer nuevas pautas de trabajo que asumirá la atención a una población cada vez mayor. En la actualidad existe escasa información sobre los temas fundamentales que afectan el bienestar del adulto mayor, entre estos aspectos está la sexualidad. Objetivo: valorar el comportamiento sexual de un grupo de ancianos que asistieron a la consulta de Urología. Material y método: se realizó una investigación descriptiva de corte transversal a 90 ancianos que asistieron a la consulta de Urología del Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" de Pinar del Río en el periodo desde septiembre a diciembre de 2014. Se aplicó una entrevista para la obtención de los datos requeridos y se realizó el procesamiento y análisis de los resultados con el paquete estadístico SPSS para el diseño de muestras complejas. Resultados: mantienen relaciones sexuales activas el 52.2%, no tienen privacidad para las relaciones sexuales el 67.7% de los ancianos encuestados. El 17.7% opinaron que deben cesar con la edad, el 18.8% las consideran innecesarias, sólo el 5.5% las considera inadecuadas, mientras que el 72.2% que son placenteras, y el 92% de la muestra expresa necesidad de información. Conclusiones: a pesar de predominar en los ancianos encuestados predominó el criterio de que las relaciones sexuales son buenas y saludables si se desean, también la casi totalidad planteó que existe la necesidad de información sobre la sexualidad en el adulto mayor sobre este importante tema para su calidad de vida.


Introduction: in recent times demographic changes are evident. The age of the world population increases, more people surpass the chronologic age that the human being has situated as old age stage, and it is necessary to establish new working guidelines to assume the care of a population increasingly greater. Nowadays scarce information exist about the leading topics affecting the welfare of the aged adult, sexuality is among these aspects. Objective: to assess the sexual behavior of a group of elders that attended the Urology office. Material and method: a descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out on 90 elder who attended the Urology at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital of Pinar del Río, in the period from September to December 2014. An interview was conducted for obtaining the required information and the processing and analysis of the results was carried out with the statistical application SPSS for the design of complex samples. Results: 52.2% of the intervened elders maintain active sexual relationships, 67.7% of them do not have any privacy for sexual relationships. 17.7% expressed that they are to cease with the age, 18.8% consider it unnecessary, only 5.5% conceder them inadequate, while 72.2% consider they are pleasant, and 92% of the sample expressed that they need information. Conclusions: despite predominance in the interviewed elders the criterion that sexual relationships are good and healthy if desired, also most of the noted that there is need for information about sexuality in the aged adult and about this important topic for their quality of life.

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